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	<title>Public Science &#38; Reference</title>
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		<title>The Smart Way to Improve our Academic Achievement</title>
		<link>http://www.psar.net/2012/02/the-smart-way-to-improve-our-academic-achievement/</link>
		<comments>http://www.psar.net/2012/02/the-smart-way-to-improve-our-academic-achievement/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 05:45:56 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Writing and Speaking]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[The Smart Way to Improve our Academic Achievement]]></category>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Feb 2012 14:43:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Feb 2012 12:49:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<link>http://www.psar.net/2012/02/celebrity-sex-tapes-in-bang-you-later/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Feb 2012 18:31:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Jan 2012 07:44:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
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		<link>http://www.psar.net/2012/01/support-your-business-with-unsecured-business-loans/</link>
		<comments>http://www.psar.net/2012/01/support-your-business-with-unsecured-business-loans/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2012 20:59:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
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		<title>Hiv/aids and Education</title>
		<link>http://www.psar.net/2012/01/hivaids-and-education/</link>
		<comments>http://www.psar.net/2012/01/hivaids-and-education/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Jan 2012 18:30:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aids Hiv]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.psar.net/2012/01/hivaids-and-education/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[HIV/AIDS is the global issue of new era of science and technology and we should know that the problem of widespread AIDS is challenge for human survival. Children and young people need to be equipped with the knowledge, attitudes, values and skills that will help them face these challenges and assist them in making healthy [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="float:left;margin:5px;font-size:80%;"><img alt="Education" src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1301/1216149494_3a8a6197a7_m.jpg" width="160"/><br/></div>
<p>HIV/AIDS is the global issue of new era of science and technology and we should know that the problem of widespread AIDS is challenge for human survival. Children and young people need to be equipped with the knowledge, attitudes, values and skills that will help them face these challenges and assist them in making healthy life-style choices as they grow. Education delivered through schools is one of the ways through which children can be helped to face these challenges and make such choices.</p>
<p>Providing information about HIV (transmission, risk factors, how to avoid infection) is necessary, but not sufficient, to lead to healthy behavioral change. Programs that provide accurate information, to counteract the myths and misinformation, frequently report improvements in knowledge and attitudes, but this is poorly correlated with behavioral change related to risk taking and desirable behavioral outcomes. Education can be effective in the more difficult task of achieving and sustaining behavior change about HIV/AIDS. The schools can either be a place that practices discrimination, prejudice and undue fear or one that demonstrates society’s commitment to equity.School policies need to ensure that every child and adolescent has the right to life education; particularly when that education is necessary for survival and avoidance of HIV infection.</p>
<p>HIV infection is one of the major problems facing school-age children today. They face fear if they are ignorant, discrimination if they or a family member or friend is infected, and suffering and death if they are not able to protect themselves from this preventable disease.</p>
<p>It is estimated that 40 million people, worldwide, are living with HIV or have AIDS, at least a third of these are young people aged 15-24. In 1998 more than 3 million young people worldwide became infected including 590,000 children under 15. More than 8,500 children and young people become infected with HIV each day. In many countries over 50% of all infections are among 15-24 years old, who will likely develop AIDS in a period ranging from several months to more than 10 years.</p>
<p>Studies have shown the enormous impact HIV and AIDS have on the education sector and the quality of education provided, particularly in certain regions of the world such as Sub Saharan Africa. Consequences of the AIDS epidemic include a probable decrease in the demand for education, coupled with absenteeism and an increase in the number of orphans and school drop out, especially among girls. Girls are socially and economically more vulnerable to conditions that force people to accept risk of HIV infection in order to survive. A decrease in education for girls will have serious negative effects on progress made over the past decade toward providing an adequate education for girls and women. Reduced numbers of classes or schools, a shortage of teachers and other personnel, and shrinking resources for educational systems all impair the prospects for education.</p>
<p>Effective HIV/AIDS education and prevention is needed in all schools for all children so that no one is left ignorant. Yet in many places schools are apprehensive about providing sex education or discussions of sexuality because of cultural demands to protect adolescents from sexual experience. Women often lack skills needed to communicate their concerns with their sexual partners and to practice behaviors that reduce their risk of infection, such as condom use, which is often controlled by men.</p>
<p>The school can either be a place that practices discrimination, prejudice and undue fear or one that demonstrates society’s commitment to equity. School policies need to ensure that every child and adolescent has the right to HIV/AIDS education; particularly when that education is necessary for survival and avoidance of HIV infection.</p>
<p>A UNAIDS review (1997) of 53 studies which assessed the effectiveness of programs to prevent HIV infection and related health problems among young people concluded that sex education programs do not lead to earlier or increased sexual activity among young people, in fact the opposite seems to be true. 22 reported that HIV and/or sexual health education either delayed the onset of sexual activity, reduced the number of sexual partners or reduced unplanned pregnancies and STD rates. 27 studies reported that HIV/AIDS and sexual health neither increased nor decreased sexual activity, pregnancy or STD.</p>
<p>The review concluded that school based interventions are an effective way to reduce risk behaviors associated with HIV/AIDS/STD among children and adolescents.</p>
<p>There are three main objectives for this paper to integrate the education effectively with the HIV/AIDS preventions and other health aspects related with it.</p>
<p>These are as follows:</p>
<p>Objectives:</p>
<p>1) Health education focusing on HIV/AIDS prevention.</p>
<p>2) Raising awareness about HIV/AIDS among educators and learners.</p>
<p>3) Stimulate peer support and HIV/AIDS counseling in schools.</p>
<p>The main focus of the paper is to give the importance to the HIV/AIDS precaution with the health education raising the awareness about it among all the students as well as their teachers also and provide the supportive environment for the HIV/AIDS education for all.</p>
<p>Need of HIV/AIDS education:</p>
<p>In area such as HIV/AIDS prevention individual behavior, social and peer pressure, cultural norms and abusive relationships may all contribute to the health and lifestyle problems of children and adolescents. There is now increasing evidence that in tackling these issues and health problems, a healthy approach to HIV/AIDS and sex education works, and is more effective than teaching knowledge alone. T</p>
<p>here are numerous studies indicating that providing information about issues such as sex, STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) and HIV (transmission, risk factors, how to avoid infection) is necessary, but not sufficient, to lead to healthy behavioral change (Hubley, 2000). Programs that provide accurate information, to counteract the myths and misinformation, frequently report improvements in knowledge and attitudes, but this is poorly correlated with behavioral change related to risk taking and desirable behavioral outcomes (Gatawa 1995, UNAIDS 1997a). HIV/AIDS with health education can be effective in the more difficult task of achieving and sustaining behavior change.</p>
<p>Health education with HIV/AIDS is widely applicable:</p>
<p>This problems largely affecting men and women as well as older children and adolescents, both this age group and younger children also face a wider range of health problems where education can play a vital role in sustainable prevention and management. Health education with HIV/AIDS programs plays a vital role in preventing infections. This is done through promoting knowledge of areas such as symptoms, transmission, and behaviors that are specifically relevant to many infection in each community; attitudes such as responsibility for personal, family and community health, confidence to change unhealthy habits; skills such as avoiding behaviors that are likely to cause infection, encourage others to change unhealthy habits, communicate messages about infection to families, peers and members of the community (WHO, 1996).</p>
<p> This kind of health education with HIV/AIDS prevention focuses upon the development of Knowledge, Attitudes, Values, and Skills (including life skills such as inter-personal skills, critical and creative thinking, decision making and self awareness) needed to make and act on the most appropriate and positive health-related decisions. Health in this context extends beyond physical health to include psycho-social and environmental health issues.</p>
<p>This approach utilizes student centered and participatory methodologies, giving participants the opportunity to explore and acquire health promoting knowledge, attitudes and values and to practice the skills they need to avoid risky and unhealthy situations and adopt and sustain healthier life styles.</p>
<p>HIV/AIDS – a critical need for health education:</p>
<p>HIV/AIDS is an area where the scale and impact of the problem is such that the urgency of implementing preventative measures, including health education, is critical. Health education programs are being increasingly adopted as means of reaching children and young people to help halt the spread of this crippling epidemic. Studies from African countries show that children between the ages of 5 and 14 have the lowest prevalence of HIV infection. Below the age of 5 they are susceptible to mother to child transmission and after they become sexually active, the rate of infection increases rapidly – especially for girls (Kelly, 2000). Children aged 5-14 need to be reached at this critical stage in their lives and offer the ‘window of hope’ in stopping the spread of HIV/AIDS.</p>
<p> Health Education with HIV/AIDS prevention Does Change Behavior:</p>
<p>There is now strong evidence from an increasing number of studies that health education HIV/AIDS prevention applied in an appropriate context, changes behavior – including behavior in sensitive and difficult areas where knowledge based health education has failed.</p>
<p>For example: Sexuality and HIV education –USA:</p>
<p>This study was implemented in 4 schools in New York City with 9th and 11th grade students (867 students), in intervention (AIDS prevention program) and control classes (no AIDS prevention program). The program focused on correcting facts about AIDS, teaching cognitive skills to appraise risk of transmission, increasing knowledge of AIDS-prevention resources, changing perceptions of risk-taking behavior, clarifying personal values, understanding external influences and teaching skills to delay intercourse and/or consistently use condoms. An evaluation carried out three months after the end of the program found that the intervention group showed the following positive behavioral outcomes when compared with the control group: decrease in intercourse with high risk partners, increase in monogamous relationships and an increase in consistent condom use. (Walter &amp; Vaughan, 1993).</p>
<p> HIV/AIDS prevention-Nigeria:</p>
<p>Health education programs are being implemented in many schools in Nigeria to increase levels of knowledge, influence attitudes and encourage safe sexual practices among secondary school students. A study to evaluate one such program was conducted comparing 223 students who received comprehensive sexual health education with 217 controls. Students in the intervention group received 6 weekly sessions lasting 2-6 hours, with activities including lectures, film shows, role-play stories, songs, debates, essays and a demonstration of the correct use of condoms. Following the intervention, students in the intervention group showed a greater knowledge and increased tolerance of people with AIDS compared to the control. The mean number of sexual partners also decreased in the intervention group, while the control group showed a slight increase. The program was also successful in increasing condom use (Fawole et al., 1999) Above mentioned studies shows that health education with HIV/AIDS prevention does change the behavior of students especially adolescents.</p>
<p> Method for implementing Health Education with HIV/AIDS prevention:</p>
<p>Although there is strong evidence that HIV/AIDS prevention is effective when properly applied and supported, implementing this approach and achieving this success on a larger, countrywide scale is one of the greatest challenges to be faced.</p>
<p>To be effective, HIV/AIDS prevention programs must address the following areas:</p>
<p>•Reassure stakeholders that these messages are beneficial:</p>
<p>Talking and teaching about reproductive health and HIV/AIDS issues does not result in earlier initiation of sex or promiscuity. The evidence suggests that well implemented skills-based programs, conducted in an atmosphere of free discussion of all the issues, is likely to lead to young people delaying the initiation of intercourse and reducing the frequency of intercourse and number of sexual partners (Kirby et al. 1994, UNAIDS 1997a).</p>
<p>•Provide support to teachers: The lack of support for implementation of new programs is one of the most important factors affecting success. For most teachers both the content and methods of HIV/AIDS prevention programs are new and perhaps sensitive, and yet the approach has great potential to assist teachers both in their work and also their personal lives since HIV/AIDS is, of course, also affecting teachers. Sufficient support, training, practice and time needs to be available to teachers, in both pre- and in-service training sessions and workshops, to facilitate reflection and development of their own attitudes, and to motivate them to apply their new knowledge and skills, rather than continue with the more didactic, traditional teaching methods, which are often focused on information alone (Gatawa 1995, Gachuhi 1999). In addition, sufficient time and an appropriate place must also be given in the curriculum so that all students have access to HIV/AIDS prevention.</p>
<p>•Start early: As well as targeting adolescents, programs need to be targeted at children at an early age, with developmentally appropriate messages, before they leave school (Gachuhi 1999, Partnership for Child Development 1998). Because younger children are generally not sexually active, these programs will address the building blocks for healthy living and avoiding risk, rather than the very specific issues related to sexual relationships and HIV/AIDS which are progressively introduced to programs for older ages. However, the large number and diverse age range of children within primary schools is an enduring challenge, especially when addressing sensitive issues. Active and self-directed learning methods which are commonly used in education can be helpful in overcoming these classroom management issues to some extent.</p>
<p>•Provide a supportive environment: Schools need to have strong policies and a healthy supportive environment in terms of behavior of students towards each other, teachers and school personnel. Sexual abuse can occur in schools, with both boys and girls reporting abuse by school staff (Kinsman et al. 1999, Lowensen et al. 1996). Programs need to address this potential problem by training and supporting teachers, so that they can become role models rather than neutral or adverse figures in relation to sexual behavior.</p>
<p>•Respond to local needs: Many of the models for HIV/AIDS prevention have been developed in western, developed countries. The available evidence from developing countries, although more limited in scope than the studies from non-developing countries, supports skills-based health education for HIV/AIDS and reproductive health (Hubley, 2000). The main issue is that wherever programs are to be implemented they must be shaped to meet the local socio-cultural norms, values and religious beliefs, and need to include ongoing monitoring (Kirby et al 1994, UNAIDS 1999, Kinsman et al.1999).</p>
<p>Elements of a Health Education for HIV/AIDS prevention:</p>
<p>Reviews of school-based HIV/AIDS prevention programs (23 studies in the USA (Kirby et al. 1994), 37 other countries (reported in UNAIDS 1999) and 53 studies in USA, Europe and elsewhere (UNAIDS 1997a) have identified the following common characteristics of successful programs:</p>
<p>1.Focus on a few specific behavioral goals, (such as delaying initiation of intercourse or using protection), which requires knowledge, attitude and skill objectives.</p>
<p>2.Provision of basic, accurate information that is relevant to behavior change, especially the risks of unprotected intercourse and methods of avoiding unprotected intercourse. 3.Reinforcement of clear and appropriate values to strengthen individual values and group norms against unprotected sex.</p>
<p>4.Modeling and practice in communication and negotiation skills particularly, as well as other related “life skills”.</p>
<p>5.Use of Social Learning theories as a foundation for program development.</p>
<p>6.Addressing social influences on sexual behaviors, including the important role of media and peers.</p>
<p>7.Use of participatory activities (games, role playing, group discussions etc.) to achieve the objectives of personalizing information, exploring attitudes and values, and practicing skills.</p>
<p>8.Extensive training for teachers/implementers to allow them to master the basic information about HIV/AIDS and to practice and become confident with life skills training methods.</p>
<p>9.Support for reproductive health and HIV/STD prevention programs by school authorities, decision and policy makers, as well as the wider community.</p>
<p>10.Evaluation (e.g. of outcomes, design, implementation, sustainability, school, student and community support) so that programs can be improved and successful practices encouraged.</p>
<p>11.Age-appropriateness, targeting students in different age groups and developmental stages with appropriate messages that are relevant to young people. For example one goal of targeting younger students, who are not yet sexually active, might be to delay the initiation of intercourse, whereas for sexually active students the emphasis might be to reduce the number of sexual partners and use condoms.</p>
<p>12.Gender sensitive, for both boys and girls.</p>
<p> Conclusions:</p>
<p> Health Education with HIV/AIDS prevention offers an effective approach to equipping children and young people with the knowledge, attitudes and skills that they need to help them avoid risk taking behavior and adopt healthier life styles. The scope of health education means that it can be applied to a wide range of areas, especially STDs and HIV/AIDS prevention, but also including violence, substance abuse, unwanted situations such as early pregnancy and all areas where knowledge and attitudes play a critical role in promoting a healthy lifestyle for children and young people growing up in the 21st century. We can sum it in following points- •The constitutional rights of learners and educators must be protected equally.</p>
<p>•There should not be compulsory disclosure of HIV/AIDS status.</p>
<p>•No HIV positive learner or educator may be discriminated against.</p>
<p> •Learners must receive education about HIV/AIDS and abstinence in the context of life- skills education as part of the integrated curriculum.</p>
<p>•Educational institutions should ensure that learners acquire age and context appropriate knowledge and skills to enable them to behave in ways that will protect them from infection.</p>
<p>•Educators need more knowledge of, and skills to deal with HIV/AIDS and should be trained to give guidance on HIV/AIDS.</p>
<p>Suggestions for implications for policies and programmes:</p>
<p>•Male and female condom promotion efforts need to recognize, identify and address gender issues including sexual and other forms of violence, that inhibit condom use.</p>
<p>•HIV/AIDS, peer education, and sex education programmes for adolescents that incorporate gender equality issues into their framework should be fostered. Such programmes should enable a better understanding of how norms related to masculinity and femininity may increase risky sexual behaviour, and help young people begin thinking about how to work towards equal and responsible relationships.</p>
<p>•Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) services should take into account the risk of violence and other adverse consequences when evaluating different approaches to disclosure. For example, patients can be given the choice of counsellor-mediated disclosure if that would help minimise adverse consequences.</p>
<p>•Both men and women should be involved in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMtCT) programmes. Antenatal services can educate men about sexuality, fertility and HIV prevalence to raise their awareness and sense of responsibility. This would avoid reinforcing the belief that women alone are responsible for pregnancy and for HIV transmission to the infant.</p>
<p>•Community Home Based Care (CBBC) approaches need to include a special effort to promote the role of men as care-givers in the family and community, and to provide adequate support and guidance to enable male participation. At the very least, such programmes should acknowledge that reliance on “home care” is, at present, largely reliance on “women’s care”.</p>
<p>References:</p>
<p>1.Fawole, I.O., Asuzu, M.C., Oduntan, S.O., Brieger, W.R. (1999). A school-based AIDS education program for secondary school students in Nigeria: a review of effectiveness. Health Education Research – Theory &amp; Practice, 14: 675-683.</p>
<p> 2.Gachuhi, D. (1999). The impact of HIV/AIDS on education systems in the Eastern and Southern Africa region and the response of education systems to HIV/AIDS: Life Skills Programs.</p>
<p>3.Gatawa, B.G. (1995). Zimbabwe: AIDS Education for schools. Case Study. UNICEF Harare Zimbabwe.</p>
<p>4.Hubley, J. (2000). Interventions targeted at youth aimed at influencing sexual behavior and AIDS/STDs. Leeds Health Education Database, April 2000.</p>
<p>5.Kelly, M.J. (2000). Standing education on its head: Aspects of schooling in a world with HIV/AIDS. Current Issues in Comparative Education. 3(1).</p>
<p>6.Kinsman, J., Harrison, S., Kengeya-Kayondo, J., Kanyesigye, E., Musoke, S. &amp; Whitworth, J. (1999). Implementation of a comprehensive AIDS education program for schools in Masaka District, Uganda. AIDS CARE, 11(5): 591-601.</p>
<p>7.Kirby, D., Short, L., Collins, J., Rugg, D. et al. (1994). School-based programs to reduce sexual risk behaviors: a review of effectiveness. Public Health Reports, 109(3): 339-361.</p>
<p>8.Lowensen, R., Edwards, L. &amp; Ndlovu-Hove, P. (1996). Reproductive health rights in Zimbabwe. Training and Research Support Centre (TARSC).</p>
<p>9.UNAIDS (1997a). Impact of HIV and sexual health education on the sexual behavior of young people: a review update.</p>
<p>10.UNAIDS (1997b). Learning and teaching about AIDS at school. UNAIDS technical update, October 1997.</p>
<p>11.Walter, H. &amp; Vaughan, R. (1993). AIDS risk reduction among a multiethnic sample of urban high school students. JAMA, 270(6): 725-730.</p>
<p>12.WHO (1996). Preventing HIV/AIDS/STI and related discrimination: an important responsibility of health promoting schools. WHO series on school health, document six.</p>
<p>Find More <a href="http://www.psar.net/category/education/">Education Articles</a></p>
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		<title>3 General Distinctions Between A Science Research And A Science Fair Project</title>
		<link>http://www.psar.net/2011/12/3-general-distinctions-between-a-science-research-and-a-science-fair-project/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Dec 2011 14:37:57 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Among the important differences between a science experimentation and a science fair project are that a science experimentation needs a precise inquiry along with quantifiable results, a science research along with its factors stick to a specified order, and a science fair project is definitely a graded school paper. For decades we have made use [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="float:left;margin:5px;font-size:80%;"><img alt="Science" src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2447/3879129592_a2014b16e1_m.jpg" width="160"/><br/></div>
<p>Among the important differences between a science experimentation and a science fair project are that a science experimentation needs a precise inquiry along with quantifiable results, a science research along with its factors stick to a specified order, and a science fair project is definitely a graded school paper.</p>
<p>For decades we have made use of science to find a good knowing of the material earth around us. Science research as well as science fair projects are good scientific techniques that could very well allow scholars to explore as well as learn. Even though the two have proven to be excellent sources of knowledge, there are actually exclusive aspects which make a science experiment and a science fair project different. Read on for some of those differences anyone must understand:</p>
<p>A science research inquires a particular query and also has quantifiable outcomes</p>
<p>Science experiments at all times start by asking a distinct subject. This concern then is the rationale for a hypothesis, that is later designed. The hypothesis also makes specific outcomes or responses which are measurable and also quantifiable. In contrast, a science fair project may be broader and often tackles a various choice of topics dependent upon the researcher&#8217;s likes and dislikes as well as academic levels. Science fair tasks might involve a science experiment to have a visual expression of the results of the study.</p>
<p>A science experimentation along with its aspects follow a specific arrangement</p>
<p>As mentioned before, scientific experimentations generally start out with a topic. The issue is required to be developed in a way that the response it makes is quantifiable. Queries for the research may begin with how, what, when, who, which, why, or where. Research has to be executed just before creating a hypothesis. A hypothesis is usually described as a knowledgeable speculation which explains the conceivable findings of the experimentation. After a hypothesis has already been successfully formulated, it&#8217;s assessed using an experiment. The research could be the base of facts to be studied. Right after examining the information, a summary might be made as well as results given. Scientists, professors and also students as well can execute a science experiment.</p>
<p>A science fair job is a graded school job</p>
<p>A science fair task also utilizes the stages in the scientific process but it is fundamentally a school assignment that&#8217;s designed to be ranked. The topics may come from a wide selection of subjects. A variety of resources may also be used for any science fair job from encyclopedias to the Web to direct interviews with the specialist in the area. Once the investigator has gathered sufficient facts, a hypothesis is built. An experimentation then follows, and the examiner documents what measures she or he undertook in the experimentation. The experimentation also needs to be repeated before a summary is drawn. Results are usually presented in a brief document that answers the issue which was first inquired. The last step in the project would be to present it in order that other individuals can understand the conclusions. The grading system for a science fair project can include elements such as creativity, thoroughness in facts getting, the skill in how the job was performed, and the quality of the visual aids.</p>
<p>Although there are differences between a scientific experiment and a science fair project, both apply the scientific method in order to come up with concise and clear results.</p>
<p>				<object width="425" height="355"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/d8h5ZuPQWZw?fs=1"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param>
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<p>Wired Science heads to the National Ignition Facility, where an enormous 192-beam laser bay may become capable of fusing hydrogen atoms into helium &#8211; creating an endless, clean source of energy. For more information, check out the Wired Science blog: snurl.com Or subscribe to Wired Science video podcasts through iTunes: snurl.com</p>
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		<title>An Innovative and Fun Way of Teaching Math</title>
		<link>http://www.psar.net/2011/12/an-innovative-and-fun-way-of-teaching-math/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 17 Dec 2011 20:35:16 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Mathematics]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[An Innovative and Fun Way of Teaching Math &#13;   &#13; Frank Ho &#13;   &#13; Teacher and founder of Ho Math and Chess &#13;   &#13; www.mathandchess.com &#13;   &#13; I have observed that one of the main reasons that children hate math is they have not mastered the foundation of math, surprisingly the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="float:left;margin:5px;font-size:80%;"><img alt="Math" src="http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4040/4529264533_e8e60c6167_m.jpg" width="160"/><br/></div>
<p>An Innovative and Fun Way of Teaching Math</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>Frank Ho</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>Teacher and founder of Ho Math and Chess</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>www.mathandchess.com</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>I have observed that one of the main reasons that children hate math is they have not mastered the foundation of math, surprisingly the root of problems can be traced to the basics they learned in the elementary grades such as addition, subtraction, multiplication or division. When elementary students are asked why do we have math? Lots of these children can relate math to our daily life such as shopping, cooking, measuring, driving, time, shapes etc. and most of the time they think math is important because it has something to do with counting and numbers. </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>It is very good these youngsters realize that math has relations to our daily life but does the traditional way of doing of math worksheets such as 2 + 3 reflect the environment today our youth lives? It certainly does not. Math is not just about counting numbers. Apart from teaching the basics of addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, math is supposed to teach our next generation on how to solve problems and be creative. Part of the problems why some children hate math worksheets is simply because these traditional worksheets do not represent the world they are living now. </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>Many &#8220;things&#8221; or &#8220;toys&#8221; our generation play already start to reflect what the society would be like in the future, things such as internet searching and browsing, image viewing, cell phones, roaming, instant messages, downloading and uploading information, compressed files, file formats etc. all of these will simply become part of their life and basic living skills. How do math worksheets reflect the way children are living now or will be in the future? Most school math textbooks still use the same style of worksheets to teach children basic math that is basically number crunches in straight top to down or left to right fashion. There is very little convergence of numbers, images, patterns, comparisons, searching, matching, sorting, classifying between one numbers is operated with another number. This &#8220;old&#8221; way of manipulating numbers does not represent what our children are doing in today&#8217;s society. This may have explained why most young children still only think math as counting numbers, but not related to the way on how they process a variety of information in their daily living.</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>Ho Math and Chess simply uses international chess as a tool to converge the information of images, patterns, sorting, comparison, matching, tables, etc. all together with numbers to better reflect what children are facing or already doing today. We have achieved this learning in a fun way.  </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>Is there such a thing that math worksheets can be created so they will be fun-oriented that children can play with numbers and be rewarded with satisfying and with great fun? How can the dreaded drill style of math worksheets be improved such that they encourage whole-brain learning? How can math basics computations such as addition, subtraction multiplication or division be incorporated with fun gamed-based approach? Is it possible that children can improve their memory and problem solving skill in a gamed-based learning environment? Ho Math and Chess has created a math and chess integrated worksheets to give positive answers to all the above questions. So how does Ho Math and Chess put math, fun, thinking, creativity, and memory improvement all together?</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>Chess is a strategy game and it invigorates the thinking ability and has been around for thousands of years. Many organizations and schools have set up chess lessons and often math and chess are taught under the same roof but with no real integrated math and chess curriculum. The reason of why math and chess have traditionally been taught separately is there is really no existing connection mechanism between math and chess teaching. However, this has since changed after Frank Ho, founder of Ho Math and Chess invented the patent applied Symbolic Chess Language (SCL). Ho Math and Chess has successfully created the world’s first math and chess integrated workbook by using its proprietary intellectual product (SCL).</p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>The future belongs to a generation who understands how to process information and the information might include digits, bytes, numbers, graphics, images, languages, symbols, equations etc.  How </strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>these different nature of information processing can be taught to kindergartners or primary students when they are learning arithmetic? It is not an easy task that is why there are so many different types of stand alone worksheets, namely logic, patterns, mazes, or crosswords.  These worksheets are created without interrelations to each other. This kind of isolated information processing is no longer reflecting the real world the young generation is facing today or they will be living in the future.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>The computing world children are facing today is a much like a rich tapestry, where a diversified fabrics and</strong><strong> colours</strong><strong> are integrated. Children today are absorbing not just numbers but an array of information like images, sound, music, symbols, spatial information, or even abstract ideas all bundled together and delivered through many types of media. Children today are not happy just working on pure number drill without any other stimulus or motivator.  Realizing the importance of having fun while learning, Ho Math and Chess has been embarked on an important teaching philosophy that is to integrate chess into math worksheets so that children can learn math while having fun.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>Ho Math and Chess created a special synergetic effect by integrating arithmetic basics, chess, mazes, and information processing all on one worksheet. This is accomplished through its own proprietary technologies (patents pending) such as SCL, Frankho Chess Mazes, and an innovative Ho Math and Chess Teaching Set.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>With the new invention of Ho Math and Chess worksheets, a child is acting as a data warehouse manager and sorts data through a variety of tools namely chess, symbols, spatial relation, logic, comparison, tables, patterns, mazes, computing etc. by networking all kinds of information together. Only when children have successfully followed through instructions (SCL) and, as a result, created a question themselves, can a solution be found at last.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>In Ho Math and Chess worksheets, the questions are not written out for children but must be mined (after children observing how data is moving) through data warehouse (mazes), and answers must be computed after conducting a series of logic thinking process which might include spatial relations, sorting, comparing, matching, classifying, tabling look-ups etc.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>Ho Math and Chess trains children not only their basic computing ability but also train them to be an astute data warehouse manager or an excellent data miner by developing their problem solving ability and critical thinking skills.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p> </p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>Ho Math and Chess provides education and also entertainment value to get young children involved in the future world they will be facing.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p><strong>At Ho Math and Chess, math learning is fun.</strong></p>
<p>&#13;</p>
<p>   </p>
<p>Related <a href="http://www.psar.net/category/mathematics/">Math Articles</a></p>
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		<title>Andy Pander Public Speaking Secrets Revealed Review</title>
		<link>http://www.psar.net/2011/12/andy-pander-public-speaking-secrets-revealed-review/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 16 Dec 2011 19:14:19 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.psar.net/2011/12/andy-pander-public-speaking-secrets-revealed-review/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Many of us have fear of public speaking. The idea of speaking in front of the public frightens many of us. And you must also have the same fear for you to be here. But good thing, you and the many others can be over it and be a good public speaker. You will be [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="float:left;margin:5px;font-size:80%;"><img alt="Speaking" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3069/2900893341_a3ddf59ace_m.jpg" width="160"/><br/></div>
<p>Many of us have fear of public speaking. The idea of speaking in front of the public frightens many of us. And you must also have the same fear for you to be here. But good thing, you and the many others can be over it and be a good public speaker. You will be over it and learn the skill. We have now Andy Pander&#8217;s Public Speaking Secrets Revealed. It has everything that will be helpful in conquering the fear of public speaking and then becoming a good public speaker.</p>
<p>Click Here For Public Speaking Secrets Revealed Instant Access Now!</p>
<p>It is a wonderful help guide. It has everything from pre-speaking checklist to vital information on art of communication. Yes, it has a pre-speaking checklist that can be helpful in achieving speaking perfection before even making it to the stage. It also has the effective Speech Structure that can helpful in ensuring there will be no total blank-out on stage. It also has the tips on how to present more persuasively than the rest. And it also has the important information on the art of communication that can be helpful in mesmerizing any audience.</p>
<p>It is certainly a must-see. It can really help anyone be a public speaker, even be a good public speaker.</p>
<p>See it for yourself. You will not regret. It is an awesome help guide. It will help you conquer your own fear of public speaking and eventually be a good public speaker. See it online. It will not disappoint for sure. </p>
<p>Andy Pander&#8217;s Public Speaking Secrets Revealed can really help. It has everything that will help you transform you into a public speaker. You will see you will just find yourself one day speaking in front of a good listening public. You will be over your fear of public speaking and eventually become a good public speaker.</p>
<p>Click Here For Public Speaking Secrets Revealed Instant Access Now!</p>
<p>Find More <a href="http://www.psar.net/category/writing-and-speaking/">Speaking Articles</a></p>
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